The Reason You're Exhausted by 3pm Has Nothing to Do With Your Caffeine Intake | Manoush Zomorodi

Key Takeaway

Moving for just 5 minutes every 30 minutes can dramatically reduce fatigue and improve focus, regardless of how much you exercise. Research shows that working out only accounts for 4% of your day—if you sit the rest of the time, your chronic disease risk remains as high as someone who never exercises. The key isn't intense movement; gentle walking or marching in place disrupts the harmful effects of sitting by oxygenating your brain and clearing blood sugar.

Episode Overview

Manoush Zomorodi discusses her research on the physical toll of our screen-saturated lives and introduces a simple solution: 5 minutes of gentle movement every 30 minutes. Drawing from lab studies and a 23,000-person global trial, she explains how prolonged sitting combined with screen time disrupts our body's ability to regulate itself, leading to fatigue, chronic disease, and loss of interoception—our ability to sense what's happening inside our bodies.

Full Transcript

Transcript of The Reason You're Exhausted by 3pm Has Nothing to Do With Your Caffeine Intake | Manoush Zomorodi from 10% Happier. Auto-generated from episode audio; may contain minor errors.

Man Zamaroi, welcome back to the show. It's so great to be back, Dan. Thank you for having me. It's it's uh it's great to see you and congratulations on your new book. Thank you. It feels um momentous as you know. Uh birthing a book is hard and exhausting and you want to get it right and you want to get out of your head and into other people's heads and make sure you say the things they need to hear. Well, uh we'll put you to the test.

Okay. Hey, I'm ready. No, no pressure, no stress. Uh well, we start with with a a softball. Uh although all my questions are going to be softballs, but uh this is particularly soft. Um uh h whence's your interest in what what I believe you call the mindbody tech connection. Yes. Okay. So I I mean this goes back a long time, right? For those of us who remember Gen Xers, what life was like before times, before digital times, I think something very significant changed around, I say around 2012.

So the iPhone came out in 2007. I didn't get one till like 2009, 2010. Social media started to pick up around then as well. And for me, it was noticing how much the way I used my brain started to change. And this is what my first book was about. I noticed that all the tiny little moments in my day, I could fill them. And as an efficient person who likes to be productive, I would fill them. I would check the headlines. I would text my husband.

I would uh make sure I posted on Twitter, which was just at the, you know, coming out at the time. I found that I could smush as much as possible into my day and yet I didn't feel great. Something felt off. The way I described it was that there was like a sand in my brain that I couldn't quite string things together anymore. I wasn't as creative. And that led me on this sort of journey to understand what were we getting rid of by filling all this time.

I used to have time to be bored and by cutting out boredom from my life, what was I actually missing? And and I fel I went fell down a huge rabbit hole. Ended up doing a major uh project with 20,000 public radio listeners intentionally trying to get bored together. This was in 2015, so a while back now. Um and learned so much about the brain and a new area of study called mind wandering. And it turns out that boredom can be ignite uh a network in our brain called the default mode.

The default mode is when we're doing nothing or we're folding laundry and our mind begins to wander. And um there's new research to support the fact that you can sort of nudge yourself towards something called positive constructive mind wandering. And this is where you tell yourself the story of your life. you come up with uh solutions to big problems in your life. You do your most creative thinking. All these amazing things that start from a place of feeling sometimes not great bored. Um so in any case, I I was going for like boredom, trying to get people to get bored.

And um and I went on to do other projects. One was about information overload. Another one is about our sense of privacy in our lives. Uh and then the pandemic hit. pandemic hit. pandemic hit. And I, you know, like everything, uh, it all stopped. But I, what I noticed then was, um, a physical response to the pandemic. And, and, and I don't mean COVID. I was so lucky. I was safe with my family. Um, I had everything I could possibly have wanted. And yet, this utter exhaustion that I felt, and it wasn't just because of the headlines, it was a new kind of fatigue.

And I just sort of started to think like I don't understand why am I so spent that all I want to do at the end of the day is crawl from my desk and my laptop over to the couch and then like stream Netflix and and also look at my phone at the same time. And so that sort of led me on a journey to try to understand were there physical effects of all the time that we spent with our devices. So that brings us back to the mind body tech connection.

You know, we know you talk about this a lot on your show. The mind and the body work uh in as one. They are they are a system. And so when we insert technology into that system, um what are some of the effects that come of that? Some might be good, some might not be. We hear a lot about mental health um issues that people have. Um but I wanted to understand the physical manifestation of all this time that we were spending on our screens. and and that's sort of what this new book is about.

So, would it be safe to say that your interest interest interest began as began as began as um what's this doing to our minds and our brains and has is now kind of instantiating views a fancy word uh in um specifically what's it doing to our bodies bodies bodies precisely and you won't be surprised to learn that much of what I discovered also led me back to the brain. right? Like it's that constant conversation that is happening between our mind and our bodies and uh and I think we've been not here I don't think you do this you talk a lot about this idea of self-regulation physically but in many places I think we hear so much about the content that is online or um you know com comparing ourselves to other people the sort of psychological manifestations um of what technology is doing to us.

But I think we're missing something very fundamental and that is this combination of sitting a lot and looking at a screen and how that combination does something extremely extremely extremely um disruptive to our ability to even sense what is going in our mind and we can go into that further. Right? So if if these if if this is a conversation between our minds, our bodies and technology, you you can't really isolate one of them. You you your book may have the intention uh to look at our physical health, but it's impossible ultimately to divorce it from our psychological health.

health. health. Precisely. That is exactly what I found out. And and I should I tell you the story of how that sort of unravel? Yeah, please. Please. So, I I was thinking about this, you know, I was like, "What is happening to our eyesight? What is happening to our our hearing if we're wearing AirPods all the time? What is happening to like my my mojo essentially? Why am I so freaking tired?" And then I came across this guy's um study. He's a physiologist at Columbia University Medical Center.

His name is Keith Diaz. and he published a report early in 2023 where he he essentially is trying to understand how how we can stop sitting from killing us, right? So what is the least amount of movement that we can get away with without our sedentary habits absolutely destroying our health? And what he discovered in his lab was that five minutes of gentle movement every half hour was enough to disrupt the harms largely of sitting. So when I heard that Dan, I was like, "Wait, what?

That's it?" Like just five minutes. And when I'm talking 5 minutes of movement, I'm not talking like burpees or jumping jacks or anything like that. literally walking like a stroll or um standing up and moving side to side right now while you're on a Zoom call. Doing that for 5 minutes every half hour sort of seemed to be the key. And so I was like, well, I got to get in on this. So I called them and I was like, I want to join the study.

So I went over to Colombia and I had one day um well first they did a baseline test to understand you know what was my baseline glucose levels, oxygenation, the usual amount of exercise that I get on a daily basis. I was wearing all kinds of wearables collecting all kinds of data and then I went there for one day and I had like kind of a typical day at the office. I came in and I sat for the majority of eight hours working on my laptop.

I was allowed a couple bathroom breaks. I got a lunch break, that kind of thing. And I felt really, as you will be surprised, shitty. Uh, at the end of the day, crawled back on the subway, made my way home, went to bed early, totally spent. Then I went back to the lab another day and they broke up my time with 5 minute walks on uh the treadmill that was in the corner. And when I say walks, I mean like stroll 2 miles hour, right? Like I got up and I walked 2 miles hour on there.

And when they compared my physiological data from the day I sat all day compared to the day I took the breaks, it was extraordinary. I am a healthy person. My blood pressure dropped by five points. My blood sugar dropped by 60%. And my mood and fatigue levels remained level all day long compared to the other day where I literally went like this by the end of the day. And so I just wanted to understand like what was it that was happening inside my body that created you know such a big difference.

So I I started to understand well a couple things Keith explained to me. One is that when we sit Dan um we can think of our legs and our our our torso kind of like garden hoses. You know when you when you kink a garden hose you get like the water gets backed up. That's what happens to our blood. Uh so we sort of kink our our arteries and without the stimulation, without the circulation, our leg muscles can't do really really important functions. Those include clearing out blood sugar, clearing out lipids, and oxygenating our brain.

We literally cannot get enough oxygen to our brain. Combine that with sitting, and often we're hunched over, not taking full breaths. What happens when you don't get enough oxygen to the brain? You start to create CO2 and you can't clear it out fast enough. And that is what results in fatigue. That sort of foggy feeling that we have um not being able to concentrate. And so, you know, very basic biology uh sort of explains why we feel so exhausted by sitting all day. But then I was like, well, where do the screens fit into all of this?

And so I started to learn about a new sort of area of study called introsception. called introsception. called introsception. Uh this is one of the the researchers I spoke to. He sort of calls it the inner selfie. It's this idea that inside your body is sending you signals all day long. Some of those signals you don't even hear, right? It's like regulating your uh blood pressure. Your body's going to do that without letting you know unless something goes wrong. uh you're going to take off your jacket because your body sends you a note.

You're hot. You're starting to sweat. Take off your jacket. But what they're starting to understand is that our interception also uh we don't pay attention to it when everything that's on a screen is so much more interesting to us, right? Like we don't hear, "Hey, you're getting really grouchy and tired and like, whoa, dude, you're getting super anxious looking at all the headlines right now." or you think you're doing work, but you're actually spinning your wheels. That's the messages that my introsception sends me generally, and I don't hear them.

I'm looking at a screen. I'm in my world. So, to me, that explained why sometimes I'd close my laptop and suddenly realize I hadn't peed in hours or that my foot was asleep or that my back hurt or that I was um depressed, lowgrade depressed. Um, so this this was sort of mindblowing to me. I was like, this is so stupid and so easy. Literally, if we just move for five minutes regularly throughout our day, we could solve uh the big mental and physical problems we have in the world.

We should do that. Okay. So, I think there are two related things there, but I just want to make sure I understand them. One is that you participated in the study with Dr. Diaz and you you saw that in your own life his macro results were true for you as an individual that 5 minutes of movement very lowgrade movement uh every half hour prevented the fatigue and foggess and um all the other deletarious impacts of non-stop sitting and and gorging on tech. Um, and the second thing you said is that tech is interrupting our inner selfie, our introsception, our ability to hear the messages our body is sending up to the brain all the time.

Um, and I believe what you're saying is those five minutes of movement every half hour restore the intraception and that is that is what is making us feel better. That's exactly right. So, this is relatively new, but there was a study in Germany where they tested people's ability to know what was going on in their body depending on whether they took breaks or not. And they're starting to show this, right? Most people who are studying introsception are actually looking at how um how people potentially with anxiety disorders or eating disorders um may have their introsception off.

either they're too highly tuned to their interception in that they uh are they don't like the feeling of having their stomach being too full or they're too sensitive to some of their emotions and so maybe they need to dial down their introsception and then there are other people who perhaps it's not high enough that they're not listening to the signals that their body is saying and they breeze through them there there's no right answer for anyone I mean the ideal as we all know is always balance right like listening to the signals that that matter matter matter ignoring the ones that maybe don't serve us, but I would argue that uh not listening to the signs that you're exhausted, fatigued, agitated, and uncomfortable and potentially harming your own physical health because you've looking at you've looked at a screen for three, four, five, six hours at a stretch.

That's worth noticing. That has changed the way I interact with my technology for sure. Okay, that I buy all of that. Um, I would imagine even if your sorry I would imagine though even if your intraception was perfectly dialed getting up and moving for 5 minutes every half hour would have lots of beneficial effects anyway. Yes. And it goes by different names. So Keith Diaz uh calls it a sematic check and his whole his point is you know like you talk about on the show do a scan you know where are you feeling muscle tension where are you feeling pain potentially are you breathing properly are you um what needs resetting and I think uh all day long we're not paying attention to these things that are resetting and if we were to calibrate them ever so slightly they could make a huge difference on on a daily basis of how we experience the world.

But I guess what I'm trying But I guess what I'm trying to get at though is it are those five minutes of movement is the primary value just that we're getting a sematic check and inner selfie whatever you want to call it call it call it or that the body just simply needs to move more than we're currently allowing it to do. Yeah. No, no, apologies. So yes, so the 5 minutes per uh half hour and I can tell you about the the uh global study trial that we did uh testing that um that in the lab was purely for biological physiological indicators.

So you know have has there been a massive study about introsception and screens? No. But um after I learned more about Keith Diaz's study and moving every 5 minutes, we we put the call out to public radio listeners again and we asked them, you know, could you do this? Could you add more movement to your life more regularly? And the results that we got there seemed to indicate a growth in higher introsception, more understanding of physiological feelings. uh mental health, feelings, fatigue, all those other things, other things, other things, right?

But again, the benefits range beyond more self-awareness. It's it's there's also plenty of just straight up physiological physiological physiological uh uh motivation that we should have to to do this. Yeah. And I think you know what this is a field like that people it it's as you know the medical world, researchers, it's all very siloed, right? And I think what we don't necessarily do and what I think I am trying to do is to bring some of those disciplines together and to sort of experiment and get people thinking about the different things that we do know about how basic biological systems, ideas about our sensory system, um our tech habits, uh all these different ways we're learning more about motivation and how the body uses that.

Uh all these different things that sometimes I think we sense are true. There's not necessarily a prescriptive uh medical uh medical uh medical lab tested research about it, but once you bring it all together, we can start to sort of uh tweak our own habits to find what works better for us. That's the direction I'm going in. Okay. So, I I do want to go deep as your book does on the tweaks. Yes. Um I have a million questions, but let me just stay on the level of the problem before we get too deep into the solution.

I want to read to you some of the um language in your in the promo materials for your book which just kind of I found bracing. It turns out screens are literally reshaping our bodies from chronic sorry just had lunch. It turns out screens are literally reshaping our bodies from chronic headaches, back pain, and restless sleep to rising rates of preventable disease. Today's average 19-year-old is as physically active as the average 60year-old. Rates of type rates of type 2 diabetes in young people have doubled. I could go on, but just to hold forth for a little bit on how grave this issue is.

I believe you call it the human energy crisis. Yeah. And I I think we can add to that rising rates of colon cancer in people under 50. We are also seeing that three in four American adults have at least one chronic disease. Many of those are preventable like uh obesity, hypertension, um type 2 diabetes. Um we're we're in the midst of uh of an energy crisis in that I mean what do you hear most people say? I hear people say like how are you tired, exhausted?

And yes, we can blame that on the news and responsibilities and um a world that feels like it's on fire. But I think the agency or the lack of agency that we feel these days about being able to do anything about that, if we can just do a little something on a daily basis that makes us feel more in our bodies a little more joy, maybe even out our mood just a tiny bit. And the answer is as simple as moving. that seems really worth investigating to me.

I'm tired of feeling tired, Dan, you know. know. know. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. Yes. Yes. Yes. And um so it felt like something very optimistic and positive that there are studies. Let's get them out of the lab. Let's get them into real life. Let's test them out. Let's do it together as communities. And let's see if we just feel a little bit better. One of the things we're doing in the larger 10% happier cinematic universe is we are yet again redoing our website. This is something in my view uh that you have to do frequently.

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You don't have to be on this journey alone. Find support and have someone with you in therapy. Sign up and get 10% off at betterhelp.com/happier. That's betterhp.com/happier. And the problems are I mean amen to what you just said but just to stay again with the problem um the the problems range beyond range beyond range beyond chronic illness um preventable chronic illness but you're you also say and this is another quote our devices are disrupting the necessary feedback loop between the brain and the body. Wait, sorry.

And this is another quote. Spec specific systems of the body, your eyes, lungs, posture, nervous system are adapting to and rebelling against our techsaturated lives. So, this isn't that just that we might be putting on some weight. Um, we might be [ __ ] up our our uh upper spine, our lower spine. We may be screwing up our hearing, our sight, our our our nervous system. And this is this runs deep. Yeah. And I think we see it. So let's use eyes as the example. Um rates of myopia or nearsightedness have just shot through the roof over the last three decades in young people in kids.

Eye doctors are seeing that children can't see far into the distance as young as three, four, five years old. And so as I sort of worked my way down the body, I started to find the specialists who are working in in each of these places and with eyesight for example, there's an extraordinary opthalmologist called Maria Lou who has been she made it her mission to explain that we used to think people went nearsighted because it was genetics. It just happened to you. It was bad luck.

But she has shown it's actually behavior. So looking at something close to you, like looking at a screen for hours on end, your eyes will comply. They will get better at looking close. Literally, the shape of your eyeballs will change so that you can look close. Which I just thought was amazing. And that's why so many people are going nearsighted so much earlier in life. But she also said, here's the thing. If your eyes are still growing, you can stop the clock on that. You can turn it back.

Yes, you can add brakes, but also there is new technology that can reshape the eyeball of young people to get so they don't have to wear glasses so they can go back to being the proper healthy shape. So to me it's like we got to get on this right like we're seeing the trend lines of all the things that are happening to our senses to our uh muscularkeeletal systems. So but there are things we can do the science is there we just have to connect the dots.

dots. dots. Okay. So now let's dive into what we can do. Um, we'll get to the eyes for people who are worried about that and feeling like I'm dropping the ball on that. I'm not. I'm going to come back to it. That's what we in the business call it tease. Um, the All right. Well, let's get back to this five minutes of movement every 30 minutes cuz I have a bunch of questions. Um, I suspect there are many people listening who have the question I'm about to ask, which is a question I have personally, which is I'm already working out quite a bit.

I also use a standing desk. Um, and you know, I walk around when I'm on the when I'm doing phone calls or, you know, I try I I try to convince my reluctant staffers to not do Zooms, to just do audio, which for some reason they hate, but I sometimes win. Um, and so I'm already doing a lot of this stuff, but I'm still [ __ ] exhausted. So, um, but you're ahead of the curve. You're you're definitely ahead of the curve here. So, okay, let's start with what you said about working out.

So, as Keith explained to me, when people work out, that's actually makes up usually only about 4% of their day, right? And, um, it's great that you work out. It's good for your muscles, your cardiovascular system, all the things. However, study after study has shown that if you work out and then sit for the rest of the day, it doesn't make a damn difference. damn difference. damn difference. So, that's interesting. Sorry about that. Um, doesn't mean you should stop, but you need to know that your risk of uh all those chronic illnesses are just as high as someone who doesn't work out if you sit for the rest of the day.

So, there's that. Then, we have the standing desk. Unfortunately, the data is in on that as well. If you stand for, you know, two hours a day, let's say, at your standing desk, that has not been shown to reduce uh potential cardiovascular issues such as risk of stroke. In fact, it can make things worse. You can get varicose veins, things like that. If the standing desk, if it, you know, prompts you to get up and then move, by all means, keep your standing desk. or if you're, you know, marching in place when you're at your standing desk for 5 minutes or if it, you know, people have back pain.

If it relieves their back pain, go for it. But don't think that a standing desk is going to mitigate the effects once again of sitting for, you know, 9 10 hours a day. To your point though, what you're prescribing to your team about turning off uh the camera on Zoom and moving during calls, hell yes. Yes, that is the best thing you can possibly do. That would count towards the 5 minutes per half hour or, you know, if you're in if you're in good shape, do it once an hour, once every two hours.

The point is that we have to break up these long sessions of sitting and looking at screens. Um, because our biological systems are not uh, you know, we can't just plug us in or upgrade the operating system. These are ancient systems that we're talking about. They are finally calibrated to keep us alive. And if you don't give them what they need, which is constant churning of oxygen and blood, they will let you down. Now, why are you so tired? How often are you Let's figure this one out.

How often How long are you sitting for, would you say? say? say? I almost never sit except for when I'm doing the podcast. And I hate one of the reasons why I'm thinking about doing less podcasting is I really hate sitting. My back is uncomfortable. I'm a generally fidgety person. I don't like like like Can you start a walking podcast, Dan? Well, slight digression, probably of local interest only to podcasters, but there's a new podcast that uh I haven't watched or listened to the whole thing yet.

I've just seen the clips on social media. Um, media. Um, media. Um, uh, Benny Blanco, the music producer, and his friend Dave. I forget Dave's last name, but he was in a TV show also called Dave. That was very funny. Uh, I'm fans of both of these guys. I think they're both very funny. They're young, young guys. And they have a new podcast with Dave's wife. So, it's three of them, three hosts, and they shoot it in the house in a house, and they're all wearing wireless mics, and they move around.

So, they're like cooking things, just moving from one place. I would I would love this podcast way more if that's was the structure of it because I like to move. Um I think I So I think another reason and I don't want to go too deep into my stuff cuz it's not that interesting for the listener I fear. Um, but I think another reason why I hit a wall at three or four is um I do a lot of writing and um I find it just extraordinarily taxing even when I have movement breaks and so by the end by mid-afternoon I just I just can't function.

And I don't think you should be berating yourself for that. The brain consumes a ton of glucose. It's 20% of your of the power that needs to be produced. So there's a section in the book where we talk exactly about that how as information workers we are expected to you know what do you do? You wake you wake up you read your email. Should you respond to that? No. You're going to file that one. I'll respond to this one. Actually no. I'm going to sit on that because I have to call somebody else to figure out what I should respond.

Right? All these switches that we do throughout the day. That's one form of burning through glucose. And then there's the sustained concentration. You can only really do that for about half an hour. I I can't tell you how hilarious and like like I needed to be hit over the head. Every expert I talked to from the eye experts to the hearing experts to the cognitive scientists half an hour came up over and over and over again. that that is the sort of around that time is how long you can sustain something.

Look, everyone is different, right? Like there there's some people who are listening like actually no, I I can do definitely an hour, maybe even two. Amazing. Knock yourself out. That's great. But um you know, not having a snack, literally putting glucose into your body, not giving yourself enough oxygen because you're bent over. We can talk about how breath affects that. Might be why you're so tired. Um it's it's you know you need to go through the checklist of what your body needs and when we say your body we also mean your brain.

This is all super interesting. Um I'm going to keep going with my questions. Okay. Okay. Okay. I suspect I am speaking for a non-trivial percentage of listeners when I say that five minutes of movement every half hour actually sounds like a titanic pain in the ass. Um, it sounds attractive, like I'm I'm down with it. But, you know, I one of the things I hear from my listeners a lot is, you know, in this era of constant comparison and optimization and hyperproductivity. hyperproductivity. hyperproductivity. Um, Um, Um, I and biohacking and all of this stuff like I don't give me more to do, you know, it it's it's too much.

Um, and so one we're I have no question about the outcome of of your work and Diaz's work. I do have some questions about how to sainely apply it to our lives. And just let me add one more thing while I'm being a dick. Um, uh, I think there are a lot of people listening who don't have enough control over their schedule and their workplace to be able to to operationalize this advice. So, first part, um, I also was kind of bratty when I first read the study about 5 minutes every half hour.

I was like, "That sounds stupid easy, but wait a minute. Is this going to get annoying?" And it was kind of annoying. I will admit when I was in the lab, I was like, "Gh, this is stupid." I was just I only did, you know, answered one email. How and now I have to get back on the damn treadmill again. again. again. Right? Right? Right? But here's what I saw on that one day. And then I want to extrapolate that out further. So on that one day, what I found was that the volume of work I got done was less, but the quality of the work was so much better.

I did not have to go back and revise. I was very clear with what I wanted to get done and when I checked it off my list, it was done. It wasn't like, ah, this is fine, blah blah blah blah blah. However, my question was exactly the same as yours. Can people actually do this? I Let's find out. So I said to Keith, I was like, I don't know if people can do this, dude. Like I was in your lab and it was great cuz somebody tapped me on the shoulder and led me over to the treadmill and put me on there at 2 miles hour and that was awesome.

So we put out the call. We were like, people, do you want to do you feel like [ __ ] after sitting and looking at your screen all day? Do you want to try this? We're going to open a global clinical trial. Uh so this was a partnership between Colombia and NPR. And clearly, yes, people feel like [ __ ] because we had to shut down the signups at 23,000 people. We had every state represented, 74 countries around the world. Um, people really wanted to see like, could I feel better?

And what we asked them to do was to choose a cohort. So, they could choose to do five minutes of movements every half hour, every hour, or every two hours. And, you know, they could do anything. They could march in place. They could shuffle side to side. They could walk around the house and pick up all the dirty glasses and put them in the dishwasher. They could do arm movement exercises if they if walking wasn't an option. Uh we gave them lots of different possibilities. The point was though, do this regularly, do a self-s survey, track how your fatigue, your energy, and your ability to focus um are affected.

And what we found was that 80% uh of the people who stuck with it loved it. They were like, "This changed my freaking life." They saw levels from 21 to 28% of less fatigue. The more they took the breaks, the higher levels of um of getting back more energy. It was sort of proportional to it. But we also found that people who took like four breaks a day, you know, not like, you know, stuck to it regimentedly, regimentedly, regimentedly, they also had huge breakthroughs and effects.

And so, you know, at this point, we couldn't strap on blood pressure monitors or glucose monitors or all of that, but I did hear back from different people who had worked with their doctors um who also saw a huge change. Um, one of them, this woman Dana, she works in HR, um, remotely, and she had been having all kinds of health issues, um, and also just felt exhausted like we've been talking about. She decided she was going to be really on this, and she worked with her doctor.

Uh, by the end of the study, her cholesterol issues had started to resolve and she was able to start tapering down her insulin. Um, we've actually stayed in touch. She's now completely off her insulin for type 2 diabetes. Um, she's become a health coach uh at the company where she works. And for her, this little change, she said it was like a just a little nudge, a little spark that like she started to change everything. She started to sleep better. She started to eat better. She started to, you know, just feel more joy in her life.

And she'd been frustrated cuz her doctor had said to her, "You know what? just take the dog for an hourong walk every morning. That was what she had been doing. And and that her numbers weren't changing. She wasn't feeling great. And just by sprinkling this movement throughout her day, she just sort of kickstarted her life. Um and we heard other stories from people who said, you know, this helped me lose the last few pounds. Um this helped me just focus. This helped me be a better parent.

Um you know, it wasn't easy, right? like it it's not like you suddenly like can change at to your second point which was well what about people who aren't in charge of their own schedules. Yeah, that's hard. But I think the key number to me was also that people's productivity did actually not drop. If anything, it rose a little. People would say they'd come back from like their 5 minutes able to focus again like they could concentrate or they'd get a really good idea while they were out on their walk.

That did not surprise me as someone who has, you know, researched boredom. Like a boring five minute walk can fix a lot of problems in our lives. It's really that simple. So, I think what they found was like this is such a dumb little hack and yes, it's annoying, but the results are so outsized and it's free, by the way. Uh why not get your boss to give it a try? And we did hear people who said, you know, I told my boss, I was like, listen, I'm going to be doing this.

Uh, it's an experiment. Is is that okay? And and one person in sales, their boss was like, actually, yeah, let me know how it goes because maybe we should make a change around here. Um, and so they did. And there were other people to be fair who said actually we've got this one dude who gets us up off our feet every couple of hours like yelling fit break fit break and running around the office. I was like okay that's weird but great awesome. awesome. awesome. How important is it in these breaks to stop working?

In other words we you applauded me. I don't know if it was you humoring me but you said you you said approvingly. you said approving things about the fact that I will take walks while I'm on phone calls. Um, but that isn't going to restore my intraception, per se, uh, because I'm not really checking in with myself. I'm just moving. moving. moving. Yeah. So, I was definitely not humoring you. When we did this big, uh, clinical trial with these thousands of people, we did not specify.

We were like, you figure it out whether you want to get off your screen, stop working or not. You decide. You decide. You decide. And here's the bottom line. The people who did get off their screens had more, I would say, mental results. People who went outside, that won't surprise you, also felt better in terms of optimism, focus, mood, etc. But I think, you know, we're on this quest, Dan, to like just tell me what to do, right? Like just tell me exactly what to do so I can freaking feel better.

And the problem is, hate to tell you, everybody is different. Every person is different. We're in different, you know, work situations. Some of us are retired. Other people are home with little kids. And as much as like my phone can be personalized to trigger me in all kinds of ways. I need to take that personalization seriously for myself is what I think I've learned and what I hear from a lot of people is like yes, we all want the one thing that's going to fix it, but actually what we need to be doing is having a conversation with ourselves.

What do I need right now? Does my body need a walk? Uh maybe I should take this call outside cuz I can't miss this call. And that's that's great. you're doing something. Something is always better than nothing. And I think our devices prey on that. You know, it's just easier to lie down on the couch, to sit, to go from one screen to another. It's just easier. But what people said was, I wouldn't want to take my break, but the minute I would start to move my feet, I could feel my start myself starting to feel better.

And it was the people who tuned in to that sort of did that sematic check, did that inner selfie, they trained themselves, they trained their bodies to crave it. And the brings us to the other thing that we heard was, you know, people started by setting timers like, okay, every hour I'm going to take this. But and and we now know like there is research behind this that your body will you can train your body to start to tell you. Many people said I didn't need to use the timers by the end of the two weeks.

I could start to feel it. I'd be like, "Oh, yep. There goes my weird twingy back. Time to get up." Or, "Oh, okay. I am doing busy work. Uh, time to get up." And I think seeing that your body like, you know, you can sort of train your body to figure it out for you to the point where you don't have to convince yourself. Your body's like, "Yo, uh, excuse me. We need to do we need to take a break." Like, that to me is like huge.

I mean, Keith is on a big I mean, Keith is on a big mission, too. He's like, "This is ridiculous." We talk about like health and um the workplace, like, you know, OSHA is in charge of making sure we don't injure ourselves at work. We're not doing it for the majority of people who are work working on digital devices. is we are not taking this seriously. Um in various countries you can imagine in Scandinavia they do take breaks very seriously. Uh in Germany they think it should be a workplace hazard to work without breaks.

Um so to him this is he's like this is just a slowm moving total health disaster that we are walking into by not mandating that people should have the ability to move and get up if they want to. That all that all m makes perfect sense to me. And just to get back to something you were saying halfway through your last um dietic answer, dietic answer, dietic answer, I would not have called it the diet. Oh, diet. Oh, diet. Oh, diet. I would have called it a um um um lovely avalanche of helpful information.

Okay, thank you. Yeah. Um charming insights. Um halfway through that you were saying uh you know you were talking about how people started to learn to pick up on on their signals like oh yeah um when my back starts to um feeling that twinch okay that's my signal I don't need a timer I'm going to get up and move and it reminded me there there's a there's a a body of research that I've become really fascinated um in uh over the past couple of years and it's based around a term called self-compassion.

And one of the little mantras that um the pioneers in in in the research um who who whose names are um Kristen Nef and Chris Gurmer, one of the little mantras they recommend to people is what do I need right now? If you can hold that question in your mind throughout the day, like yeah, what do I need right now? I mean, we tell each other all the time at when we're leaving, take care, you take care of yourself. But we never actually take care of ourselves.

You know, we're because of of tech, because of some idea that taking care of yourself is self-indulgent. Whatever the reason, we rarely ask ourselves like, "What do I need right now?" Um, that's a very interesting north star as you move through the day. So, I I say that just to see how it lands with you. You know, I think it lands hugely with me, but because I come to it from a different angle. I'm the type of person who's like, "Show me the science. What's the data behind that?

Why do we know that?" You know, like I think I inherently in my heart know that that's what I should be doing. But when study after study after study and now including my own study shows it, like I there's no excuses. Like I am so good at justifying Dan. I'll be like, you know what? I I'm just going to do another hour because I really think I can get this done by 3:00 and if I get up by 3:00, then I won't have to go and do the other thing.

So if I take a break now, that's actually going to be, you know, a problem. But it's wrong. I am on this battle every single day to power and push through. It is, as an type A person who loves to get [ __ ] done, this is incredibly hard for me. And yet the proof is shown to me hour after hour after hour. I don't know how many times I can prove it to myself that this [ __ ] works. Uh and yet here I am continuing to do it.

But but this idea of what do I need right now? Sometimes I don't believe what I need right now. I try to trick myself out of it, you know? I'm like you don't you're fine. You can you don't you're good. Just keep going. you maybe you're a little special even that you don't need to do this. You ever told yourself that one? So not special, Dan. So not special. Uh so just like every other human and uh my system has not evolved in some way that it doesn't require enough oxygenation uh or that I can power through email.

You know, we think there are people who are special. I I'm not one of them. Um, so yes, the battle is daily. Uh, I am I think I'm winning. Didn't think I could say that. I actually think I am winning because um because there's a gift at the end of every five minute break. Oh yeah, I feel better. I better. I better. I I'm not as depressed. I'm not quite as anxious. I think I can actually get through the next hour without berating myself. uh without feeling like I am maxing and pushing myself to the absolute limit.

Um that's for me. Um but I heard it from a lot of other people too. too. too. I relate to everything you said there and you know I I fall into that trap all the time of of uh pushing pushing pushing even though I know it's stupid. Um uh and and if I did the counterintuitive thing of just stepping away, stepping away, stepping away, it would improve the quality of my work and probably help me get more done. Uh and yet and yet and yet cuz I'm scared.

Maybe I'll change it after this conversation. Yes, it's scary. That's it. There you go. Yeah, I I run on fear and it's taken a lot of work and being in my 50s to uh trust the process, trust the knowledge that I have, trust that this has worked in the past and it will work again. I think especially as I get older, older, older, um that I I can't cut corners like I used to when I was younger. Um my my body won't just won't respond. So, um, yeah, it it, you know, you write the book that you need, right, Dan?

There it is. I do want, as promised, to get to the eyes and ears and all that other stuff, but but let me ask one last question on this 5 minutes per 30 minutes um, protocol um, protocol um, protocol for people listening and still feeling a lot of resistance for whatever reason, I don't want to do it, I really can't do it, etc., etc. I believe you said in there that we can start small. Um even you know so so if you were to do it every half hour in an 8 hour day it's 16 breaks but you said some people were just doing four um and even that can make a difference.

Even one minute saw an effect in some of Keith's studies. The amount the the key the key metric to remember is that it's breaking up these long periods of sitting uh and staring at a screen just sitting as well. So if you're breaking it into let's say you're sitting for eight hours straight if you're breaking it into two four hour sections that's great. If you're breaking it into four or two hours, do the math, right? However you can break it up. That's great. It's always better than none.

The key is you just that one long sitting stretch, it compounds in terms of mood and uh physical health. Thank you. Okay, eyes and ears. Let's do it. What are our devices doing to us? You've said a little bit about it, but if there's anything more to say, please tell us and then let's get to what we can do about it. Yeah. So, one in three kids these days is nearsighted. That is triple the rate that there was in 1990. Um, so nearsighted myopia, just to for the lucky people out there who don't have to wear glasses, this is when you can see what is close right in front of your face.

But if you look into the distance, it starts to get a little blurry. And the thing is that by the time someone notices this, um, usually the damage is done, right? You're like, "Oh, I need," for me, you know, I was in my late 30s. I was like, "Huh, there are two moons in the sky. What's up with that? I I needed glasses to drive to go to the movies, right?" Like, just stuff like that. And then as we get older, inevitably it does happen that you need reading glasses.

And um so you know I I have these things where I can read and I can see in the distance. But it always used to be like when we were growing up it was like there was the you know maybe a couple kids who wore glasses to read uh to see the blackboard. Now they're seeing lots of kids are having issues seeing the blackboard. And you know the theory is that well it's a couple things. It's compounded. One is that there's more close-up work. You are looking at phones, you are looking at screens, you are, you know, my kids like they have a laptop in school, then they come home and they work on their laptops for their homework and then they look at YouTube on their phones maybe to relax a little bit.

Um, it's just constant near work that's going on. And what you know has been shown is that literally the eyeball changes shape in like it morphs so it can do the job better of seeing close up. It's like, you want me to look at a screen? Great. I will get really good at looking a screen. You don't need me to look into the distance, right? Fine. I won't. And the earlier that happens, um, you know, it gets worse and worse and worse. Later in life, it raises your risk of having glaucoma, even blindness.

even blindness. even blindness. Uh, it also means that you just don't experience the world, right? Like there's a lot you're missing if you can't see. can't see. can't see. The good news is as long as your eyes are still growing, you can turn back the clock on that. Like you and I are screwed, Dan. But younger kids and actually young adults in their 20s, even into their 30s, their eyes are actually still growing and you can start to um take breaks. Unfortunately, the 2020 2020, maybe you've heard that look up for 20 seconds every 20 minutes.

20. Have you ever heard that one? 2020 2020 is like the old standard which is like every 20 minutes look up for 20 seconds at something 20 feet in front of you. That's actually not the best thing to do. Um Dr. Maria Lou who I I talked to who specializes in this actually says one of the key things that we all need to be doing is getting outside more for multiple reasons. One is sunlight is uh you know increases serotonin production. Another is that your eye uh needs to see a horizon.

It needs to see the entire distance. I was like, "Oh, can I just look out the window?" She's like, "No, your peripheral vision will start to cut out the sides. It needs to actually experience a horizon." So, ideally, she wants us to go out every half hour for 5 minutes. I was like, "What? Again? Half hour for 5 minutes? Everybody keeps telling me this." She's like, "Yeah, sorry." Uh, you know, I can't do that. I' My eyes are already screwed. But it just goes to show kids need they need to get outside.

They need to be out in the sunlight looking into the horizon. Um, so I I just, you know, I take my little niece and nephew and we go look for birds. That's like the best thing you could possibly do with little kids, like go outside and look for birds cuz they're looking into the distance, they're getting the sunlight, they're using their peripheral vision. There are treatments now um where you can reshape the eyeball. They're actually contact lenses that kids and young adults can wear at night.

They're called ortho. There's also different kinds of drops that you can wear that sort of turn back the clock. Um, and combine that with better lifestyle habits and you can delay uh the myopia from setting in. Um, for those of us who are screwed, I my number one hack is buy yourself computer glasses. So, I measured the distance between my eyes and my laptop um and got a pair of glasses just made for that and it made a huge difference for me in terms of headaches and dry eye and fatigue and all of those things.

Um, and take breaks. Again, always take breaks. As a show that regularly explores Buddhism, uh we do not shy away here from talking about the fact that aging is just a non-negotiable fact of life. And we have to be honest about the fact that there are aspects of aging that are beautiful and also aspects that are tricky. For some of us, myself included, that can mean poor sleep, sometimes reduced energy, aches and pains, etc., etc. which is why I'm excited to uh talk to you guys about one of our sponsors today, C15 from Fatty 15.

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But, um, it has been shown that people blink less when they're looking at a screen and therefore, you know, you're not moisturizing your eye and that can lead to dry eye, which then feel irritated and then you get tired and all of those things. Um, but I think the key again is what works for you and mixing it up essentially. Like I also like to print out articles once in a while and I'll go sit by the window and get some light and read there as opposed to being in my cave with my laptop.

All right, let's talk about the ears. Yeah, Yeah, Yeah, I was bummed to read this. Um, one of my favorite things in the world is is is for an hour a day to blast punk rock in my ears and work out. Um, how loud are we talking here, Dan? Well, since I started preparing for this episode, I've been not going as loud as um I usually go, but pretty [ __ ] loud. loud. loud. Oh dear. Okay. All right. Do you not listen to anything after that? No, I don't listen to anything after that.

that. that. Okay, that's great. That's really great. Okay. So, there's an amazing studying happening right now. Your listeners can even sign up to join it. It's Apple um combined with these researchers at the University of Michigan. They are doing the largest ever study of how long people are listening uh on their phones, what volumes they're listening. They are even sending um hearing tests to people's phones that you can join and take like uh Yes, I saw that recently. They sent it to me. to me. to me.

Oh, that's awesome. Yeah. Isn't that cool? I love that. And so like they can, you know, do you have tonitis, which is a ringing in your ears? Can you hear this tone? Do you hear that tone? So, there's data coming out of this study all the time. Um, and you won't be surprised to learn that we are listening not only louder but longer. Like I walk around my neighborhood and walk my dog and everybody has their AirPods in. Um, we're all with, you know, the podcasts and news and I call my mom and like, well, some music is nice.

We Nobody wants to be alone with their thoughts. So, we're all just stick those bad boys in our ears and listen, which is fine except except except uh a couple things. Your ears actually need breaks as well. Honestly, Dan, like I don't know how many times I could hear this. Your your body needs breaks. So, the ears they're cyia are these tiny little hairs inside your ears and they get tired, right? And so let's say you go to a punk rock concert and you come out and you can't hear for like a couple days.

You really need to be gentle and let them recover. If they die, these little psyia, they do not grow back. Like that's it. You get a finite amount. So, honestly, what they told me, well, first of all, one in three people now is listening uh at what the WHO says are harmful noise uh levels across the world. Um, world. Um, world. Um, but also, you know, what do we do? We walk by a busy construction site, we crank up the volume, or we go to the gym and uh try to obliterate obliterate any thoughts that we're having by blasting the punk rock and getting on the stairmaster.

I don't know what you do there. Um, there. Um, there. Um, you got to take the breaks. You got to have the quiet, the silence. What I find most interesting is like I know some people who just listen to music all day long with their AirPods in, like all day. And you know, they need to give themselves some silence. Your ears want to like they need to take a little chill out time just as much as the rest of your body does. So, um, so yeah, that's the gist of it there.

Okay. So, I can listen to loud music for an hour. Maybe not as loud as I have historically done it. it. it. Yeah, maybe not that loud. I don't I mean, what they told me was look at the settings in your phone. If you can limit it to 70 dB, like automatically so that your phone won't play it any louder than that. And let's say you are like, but it's really loud in the gym. I can't hear my music. Okay, then put noise cancelling. You have that on your phone.

You have that ability to put noise cancelling. Okay. And then just stick with that if you can. Look, you know, there are treats we want to give ourselves. If you want to give yourself like a delicious hour of like I don't know what your favorite punk band rock is, punk punk rock band is, but um a delicious hour of 9in nails, then like knock yourself out, right? Like if if that's your jam, do it. But also like maybe not just to say that's industrial minut. Oh, right.

No, that is true. What is your favorite punk rock band? Uh, well, I I don't know if I have a favorite. I So, so this is my producer is probably going to cut this, but I I got interested in indie rock, alternative rock, punk rock, whatever. I was 15. I remember the moment when Tim Smith, the goth kid in my sophomore year home room, turned around and gave me a tape uh a blank tape with the Minutemen on one side and Sonic Youth on the other.

Nice. And so that started a 40-year um obsession. Uh and so now I listen to like new bands that are coming out all the time. A buddy of mine is a frontman of a group called Culture Abuse. I really like them. It's another band with a very dumb name that I don't understand. military gun and they don't even spell military the right way, but that's a great band. Um, uh, so stuff like that. Um, the tons of female fronted bands out of Australia, you know. Interesting.

know. Interesting. know. Interesting. I love them. Oh, yeah. They I did know that. Mhm. I I'm not even tell What's that? What's that? What's that? I'm not even going to tell you what music I like, which is Are you Is it Anna? Oh, god. No. Um, I'm on In the 90s, man. I'm like Brit pop just like I Oasis. Oasis. Oasis. No, not Oasis. I'm more like Blur and whatever Damon Alurn does and that sort of direction. More sort of like like like um Anyway, we digress.

I don't find that embarrassing at all. And I think that music is having a comeback amongst the youngsters. Um it's it's aged well. I loved that stuff in real life. real life. real life. It's aged well. Yeah. I uh I went to see Jarvis Cocker uh from um Pulp recently and that was just a delight. I was like, man, this guy knows how to age. He looks amazing. Still got it. Damon Alburn's doing well, too. The gorillas are still They're amazing. Okay, back to our regularly scheduled less pathetically aged conversation.

Um and sorry to the boomers who are listening and saying you guys are kids and calling yourself old. So, nothing but love to you. Um, uh, posture and breath. Uh, what do we need to know about that? about that? about that? Okay. So, I mean, breath is something you talk about regularly here on the show. You will not be surprised to know that that sort of cashew shape that we often put ourselves in when we're on something restricts our diaphragms. Diaphragm is right under our lungs.

If you constrict that, you're not able to take full breaths. Lack of full breath can lead to many things including anxiety anxiety anxiety can even lead to health problems, bad breath, lack of oxygenation, loss of focus, all those fun things. And this part like knocked my socks off when it comes to posture. There is new research that shows that there is a conversation happening between our abdominal muscles, our brain, and our adrenal glands. the ones that pump out cortisol and stress and make us feel, you know, anxious all the time.

That they think is the reason why yoga, pilates make us feel good. The muscles start to send uh a message to the brain to not take in as much uh uh cortisol. So, there's all these systems that we don't even think of as working. You know, obviously the an thousands of years people have been doing yoga. Um, now we're starting to show the biology that there is behind it. Um, so the other I'm sure you know this one, the physiological sigh. physiological sigh. physiological sigh. That one.

That one. That one. Yeah, I know what it is, but can you explain for listeners? So, I didn't know about this. It's something super easy that just hyper oxygenates you very quickly. And the idea is you take one big breath in, then you top it up with a little more breath, and then let it all out. And uh James Nester, the author of Breath, actually taught that me that one, but I heard it again and again from people. So, and you'd literally feel better. And that's even just 10 seconds.

The other thing that someone convinced me to have by my desk is a kazoo, Dan. So, yeah. Walking around you, there's no way you cannot breathe properly when you're playing on a kazoo. Um, huh. huh. huh. Also, you just feel like an [ __ ] and start laughing at yourself and that is another way to reset your day. Um, Um, Um, James Esther was on this show once and I'll drop a link to that episode. And uh I believe it was James who taught me uh box breathing which I am I constantly um have when I'm guiding meditation I often have people do three deep deep deep inhales through the nose uh and then uh uh an exhale through the mouth with lips pursed as if you were blowing through a straw and you want the exhale to be three four five times longer than the inhale and I often joke that it's like you remember those Colt 45 ads from when we were kids, you know, um the malt liquor and the Billy D.

Williams would come on and say the slogan which was works every time. And um I find that with box breathing, it really does. It just you just feel your nervous system resetting. resetting. resetting. Totally. Oh, I love that. I mean, you know, that also relates to the vagus nerve. I don't know if you've talked much about that on the show. uh the the sort of system that's connecting our brain all the way down into the rest of our body and it's rest and relaxation sort of uh triggering that ability and it's so it's once you know that it works too you're like I have a little bit of magic in my pocket and I can pull it out anytime and so now you know waiting for the elevator my little you know reset physiological sigh ah ready to go.

Okay. Well, you brought me exactly where I wanted to go, which is sleep and rest and resetting. You you have a whole section in the book about that. Can you uh tell us? Yeah. And I think that this is, you know, it's it's we've blamed technology for things and yes, technology is part of the problem, but it's actually more that it exacerbates our human tendencies. So, for example, with sleep where, you know, there's this one study with a bunch of undergrads and they didn't sleep as well after they looked at an iPad for 4 hours at the brightest setting.

So, what do we do? We say, "Oh, blue light. This is a disaster. Don't look at blue light. It ruins your sleep." Actually, sleep." Actually, sleep." Actually, study after study since then has shown it might mess with your sleep, but maybe like by 3 minutes, 10 minutes, maybe 20 minutes max. Really what it is is it's that we what do we do instead of sleeping? We watch one more show. We play one more game. We're just going to check the headlines one more time. Oh, you meant to respond to that guy.

Let's just do just do it. You won't be able to sleep if you can't do that. Right? So, it's not really necessarily the light that is making us not sleep. It's the habits that are spurred on by this. That is not to say there are some people who are very sensitive to light. Children, absolutely. Those young eyeballs, as we've discussed, they are sensitive to light. Keep them off the screens before bedtime. But don't blame the screen for your bad night sleep. Another thing they So, they call this more the displacement theory.

This idea that you know what has displaced our sleep? It's screens that has displaced them. And then there's also the interruptions because I don't know about you, but I keep my phone right next to my bed just in case of emergency, right? I've got teenagers and I've got older parents. Uh, and the problem is, you know, what do those interruptions do? It's really hard to get back to sleep. It's not just cuz you looked at your screen and the light. Sure, that's not great, but really it's like you got your brain going and then you can't get back to sleep and you're worried.

Um, interestingly though, there is very little research into the best way for adults to use their devices as it relates to sleep because researchers are obsessed with young people and teens. And what we do know is teens also look at their phones a lot and get interrupted, but they're doing it more for social reasons, right? So, it's not because there's an emergency. So, like yes, they should have the phone out of the bedroom. Like you and I though, you know, there are settings. You can make it so only certain people's calls come through.

Like my mom's not going to call me at 2 in the morning to just chat, right? So if her call comes through, great. It can be there and I'll get it, but I can turn off the rest of it, too. So, I think we need to look as much at our behaviors our behaviors our behaviors around these devices and not necessarily think like uh just, you know, blanket, turn it off, throw it away, get off your phone. Sorry, that's not going to work for a lot of people.

people who work um have to work late or maybe you you know you leave work so you can get home at 4:00 so you can pick up your kids and make them dinner and all those things and you do need to get back on your laptop at night. Don't think that the blue light is necessarily going to destroy your sleep, but set yourself a time when you're done and let yourself wind down and relax. Dimming lights is a good thing still to do as well. Um but we can't just blame the blue light.

It's more complicated than that. than that. than that. That's really interesting. You you talked about kids and I'm saving this to the end of the conversation because um I'm always sensitive to the fact that there are people who don't have kids. Yeah. And I don't want to do episodes that don't speak to to them, but uh a lot of us do have children in our lives, either our children or nieces and nephews or grandchildren or just mentees or whatever. Uh, how do we set some limits, set some boundaries, talk to them without being screamingly annoying?

What's your advice? I struggle with this. Um, you know, especially I think there's a lot of the air right now has been taken up by this idea that there should be bans, right? Like, you know, take away their phones before 13 and uh kids shouldn't be on social media before 16. And um as much as I agree with all of these the the rules that people like Jonathan height, social psychologist has put out there, I absolutely agree with them, I think it leaves a few things wanting.

Uh one is that many of us have a different relationship with younger people than we did a generation ago. Uh telling people wh this finger wagging and we know what's good for you, I just don't think it flies anymore. or there's a conversation that needs to be had because frankly it's not like you turn 16 and suddenly magically you can handle social media. Uh-uh. There needs to be a constant conversation and uh you know not every kid will get that at home but hopefully more and more in schools just talking about what does it look like when you are getting something good out of your technology?

What does it look like when you are not when it's the you aren't getting something good? And also more importantly, what I would like to add to the conversation, what does that feel like in your body? I think we are very quick to slap a label on I have an anxiety disorder and many people do. I don't want to minimize that in any way, but I think the things that are happening to us because of our technology are not just mental health. They're very much related to our physical health as well.

So, you know, my kids when they were younger and if you took the iPad away, they would be total jerks afterwards. Like, it was very clear. There was like cause and response. And so, what I just want to do is like have experiments if you can in your family. How do you feel right now before you go on your screen? Pretty good. Okay, great. Let's remember that. that. that. An hour later, you're getting off your screen. How do you feel now? Oh, you're grouchy. Okay. So, maybe next time we'll try, you know, half an hour.

See what that looks like. You still feel okay? Great. Let's put it away. Oh, did you see that? I got a new jump rope. Let's try that. You know what I mean? Like, instead of being like, you're on your phone too much, like you're scrolling all the time, maybe we say something more positive, like, did you take a walk? Did you get your stroll time in? How do we start to sort of make it less like guilting and shaming and more like let's go be in the world?

Let's move our bodies not because we want to like kill it at like sports or because we want to look good in a bathing suit, you know, but because we just want to feel like that we are flesh and blood and it's amazing to be alive. Does all of this all this stuff we're talking about the the the the wonderful but often deletarious impacts of technology? of technology? of technology? How does this evolve, do you think, as we get deeper into AI and robotics and maybe neural implants and wearable tech and cuz the technology is not going away at all.

This is just getting more and more sophisticated and sophisticated and sophisticated and um and potentially insidious um but also potentially wonderful. So I don't know what when you project forward what does it look like? I am an optimist by nature. So part of me wants to really um think oh won't this be amazing when AI takes over some of our work we'll be able to have more time to frolic in the sunlight. That would be so cool. Unfortunately, um, as the first chapter in the book lays out, at every point when innovation has been added that adds convenience to humans lives, it's resulted in them moving less every freaking every time.

Um I would also say like I was we've gone through this with social media as well and that is a I think the battle over that was lost and then we are now have to look forward to what happens with AI. Um the good part about AI when it comes to our health is I I mean I I talked to a lot of medical researchers and the advances there are quite extraordinary. I do believe there's going to be amazing breakthroughs because of a lot of that and um a lot of the data that we're collecting about how the body works is going to result in a lot of personalized health care.

They now know there's not just two types of diabetes. There are tens maybe hundreds of different types of diabetes. We just didn't have the data to know that we are all different. Everybody is different. However, I I want want want more more more movement and more in-person interaction. And I think we see this. People want to be be be with other people. They want to be in spaces with other people. They want to have a face-to-face conversation. They want to read people's body language. They want to I hope that there's a sense that we, you know, are more than just like bags of flesh, meat sacks, right?

Like we are extraordinary extraordinary extraordinary human beings who need to be out in the air in the sunlight experiencing the world and moving our bodies. And if we can give ourselves more opportunities to do that, whether it's in the workplace, whether it's making sure that we have parks that are available for people, that we can set up workplaces where it's not frowned upon if you even just get up and like, you know, shuffle side to side during a Zoom meeting. We have to change the cultural norms around movement and using our bodies.

We just have to because literally our lives depend on it. it. it. Well said. It's a laudable um rallying cry really. Um before I let you go, Manish, can you just remind everybody of the name of your new book? Oh, yeah. Maybe also the name of the previous one and and uh your podcast plug in other words. Oh, thanks. Uh so the old book was called Bored and Brilliant. Um, the new one is called Body Electric: The Hidden Health Costs of the Digital Age and New Science to Reclaim Your Well-being.

And you can find me I host NPR's TED Radio Hour. Uh, yeah, please join me in a movement to bring back movement into our lives. lives. lives. Man, Man, Man, awesome to talk to you as always. Thank you. you. you. Great to be here, Dan. Thank you so much for having me.